1.25G Series BiDi Transceiver working principle

1.25G Series BiDi (bidirectional transmission) Transceiver is an optical transceiver for fiber optic communications. Its working principle is based on optoelectronic conversion technology. This transceiver allows bidirectional data transmission on a single optical fiber and is a composite device composed of a transmitter (Transmitter) and a receiver (Receiver). Its working principle is introduced in detail below:

Transmitter:
The transmitter is one of the core components of the 1.25G Series BiDi Transceiver. Its function is to convert electrical signals into optical signals and send them to the optical fiber.
Transmitter Component: Laser Diode (LD): LD is the light source of the transmitter, which is responsible for converting electrical signals into optical signals. LD is a semiconductor device capable of generating laser beams with narrow spectral width and high fiber coupling efficiency. Modulation circuit: The modulation circuit controls the output of the LD so that it carries the information of the input electrical signal. The modulation circuit can use techniques such as direct modulation (directly modulating the LD output) or external modulation (controlling the LD output through a modulator). Optocoupler: The optical coupler connects the light output of the LD to the input port of the optical fiber. It ensures efficient coupling of optical signals and maximum power transmission into the optical fiber.

Optical fiber transmission:
Optical signal injection: The modulated optical signal from the transmitter is injected into the input port of the optical fiber through the optical coupler. Optical couplers ensure that optical signals are effectively coupled into the optical fiber and maximized transmission into the optical fiber core. Optical fiber transmission: Optical signals propagate in optical fibers by total internal reflection. The fiber's high-refractive index core allows the optical signal to remain almost entirely within the core, while the cladding prevents the optical signal from leaking out. Signal transmission distance: The transmission distance of optical fiber depends on many factors, including the type, quality, length of optical fiber and the power of the optical signal. Normally, the optical fiber transmission distance supported by 1.25G Series BiDi Transceiver is between a few kilometers and tens of kilometers. Bidirectional transmission: For bidirectional transmission, the optical signal travels in both directions along the same optical fiber. Due to the special design and wavelength multiplexing technology, bidirectional transmission can be achieved on a single optical fiber, saving fiber resources and reducing system costs.
Through optical fiber transmission, 1.25G Series BiDi Transceiver can achieve high-speed and stable two-way data transmission in optical fiber networks, providing reliable solutions for various applications.

Bidirectional transmission: For bidirectional transmission, the optical signal travels in both directions along the same optical fiber. Due to the special design and wavelength multiplexing technology, bidirectional transmission can be achieved on a single optical fiber, saving fiber resources and reducing system costs.

Receiver:
The receiver is another core component of the 1.25G Series BiDi Transceiver. Its function is to convert optical signals back to electrical signals. When the light signal reaches the other end of the fiber, it enters the receiver. Inside the receiver is a component called a photodetector, usually a photodiode (PD) or photodiode/amplifier (PD/AMP). The light detector converts the received light signal into an electrical signal and outputs it to the receiving circuit. In the receiving circuit, the electrical signal is amplified and processed to ensure the accuracy and integrity of the data. Finally, the processed electrical signal is sent to the target device, such as a computer or network device.

In this way, 1.25G Series BiDi Transceiver realizes the function of two-way optical communication. The coordinated work between its transmitter and receiver enables bidirectional transmission of optical signals on a single optical fiber, thus providing an effective solution for high-speed data transmission.